Protocol Documentation¶

Table of Contents¶

reaction.proto
Scalar Value Types

reaction.proto¶

Schema for the Open Reaction Database.

Compound¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
identifiers	CompoundIdentifier	repeated	Set of identifiers used to uniquely define this compound. Solutions or mixed compounds should use the NAME identifier and list all constituent compounds in the "components" field.
mass	Mass
moles	Moles
volume	Volume
reaction_role	Compound.ReactionRole.ReactionRoleType
is_limiting	bool		Whether this species was intended to be a limiting reactant.
preparation	CompoundPreparation
vendor_source	string		Name of the vendor or supplier the compound was purchased from.
vendor_id	string		Compound ID in the vendor database or catalog.
vendor_lot	string		Batch/lot identification.
features	Compound.Feature	repeated

Compound.Feature¶

Compounds can accommodate any number of features. These may include simple properties of the compound (e.g., molecular weight), heuristic estimates of physical properties (e.g., ClogP), optimized geometries (e.g., through DFT), and calculated stereoselectronic descriptors.

Field	Type	Label	Description
name	string
string_value	string
float_value	float
how_computed	string

Compound.ReactionRole¶

CompoundIdentifier¶

Compound identifiers uniquely define a single (pure) chemical species. While we encourage the use of SMILES strings, these do not work well in all cases (e.g., handling tautomerism, axial chirality). Multiple identifiers may be specified for a single compound to avoid ambiguity. We discourage chemicals from being defined only by a name. For compounds that are prepared or isolated as salts, the identifier should include specification of which salt.

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	CompoundIdentifier.IdentifierType
details	string
value	string
bytes_value	bytes

CompoundPreparation¶

Compounds may undergo additional preparation before being used in a reaction after being received from a supplier or vendor. We encourage the use of the ‘preparation’ enum when possible, even if the description is an oversimplification of the full procedure, which can be described in the ‘details’ field.

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	CompoundPreparation.PreparationType
details	string		Full description of how the received compound was prepared.

Concentration¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Concentration.ConcentrationUnit

Current¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Current.CurrentUnit

Data¶

Data is a container for arbitrary string or bytes data.

Field	Type	Description
value	string
bytes_value	bytes
url	string	URL for data stored elsewhere.
description	string
format	string	Description of the file format (if applicable); usually the file extension. For example, 'png' or 'tiff' for images. If empty, we assume string data.

DateTime¶

TODO(ccoley): If we want the DateTime to be a string that we parse as needed, should it simply be “string datetime” when used? Or is there any benefit to having a separate message type that could be changed in the future if needed?

Field	Type	Label	Description
value	string

ElectrochemistryConditions¶

Field	Type	Label
type	ElectrochemistryConditions.ElectrochemistryType
details	string
current	Current
voltage	Voltage
anode_material	string
cathode_material	string
electrode_separation	Length
measurements	ElectrochemistryConditions.Measurement	repeated

ElectrochemistryConditions.Measurement¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
time	Time
current	Current
voltage	Voltage

FlowConditions¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	FlowConditions.FlowType
details	string
pump_type	string
tubing	FlowConditions.Tubing

FlowConditions.Tubing¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	FlowConditions.Tubing.TubingMaterialType
details	string
diameter	Length

FlowRate¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	FlowRate.FlowRateUnit

IlluminationConditions¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	IlluminationConditions.IlluminationType
details	string
peak_wavelength	Wavelength
color	string
distance_to_vessel	Length

Length¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Length.LengthUnit

Mass¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Mass.MassUnit

Moles¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Moles.MolesUnit

Percentage¶

Used for things like conversion and yield.

Field	Type	Label	Description
value	float
precision	float		Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).

Person¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
username	string
name	string
orcid	string
organization	string

Pressure¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Pressure.PressureUnit

PressureConditions¶

Field	Type	Label
type	PressureConditions.PressureControl.PressureControlType
details	string
setpoint	Pressure
atmosphere	PressureConditions.Atmosphere.AtmosphereType
atmosphere_details	string
measurements	PressureConditions.Measurement	repeated

PressureConditions.Atmosphere¶

PressureConditions.Measurement¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	PressureConditions.Measurement.MeasurementType
details	string
time	Time
pressure	Pressure

PressureConditions.PressureControl¶

Reaction¶

Throughout this schema, we introduce enums to encourage consistency in nomenclature and to avoid unnecessary downstream data processing that would otherwise be required to consolidate equivalent entries. However, we do not wish to restrict what users are able to specify if their synthesis does not fit cleanly into a pre-existing enum field. For that reason, many enums contain a CUSTOM field, which must be accompanied by setting the ‘details’ field (or ‘<field_name>_details’, where appropriate).

NOTE(kearnes): In many places, we deliberately violate the style guide for enums by nesting instead of prefixing; this is not done lightly. The primary consideration is API consistency and the ability to use unqualified strings as enum values. For instance, we want ‘CUSTOM’ to be a valid value for all enums that support custom types.

Field	Type	Label	Description
identifiers	ReactionIdentifier	repeated
inputs	Reaction.InputsEntry	repeated	List of pure substances or mixtures that were added to the reaction vessel. This is a map, not a repeated, to simplify reaction templating through the use of keys. String keys are simple descriptions and are present only for convenience.
setup	ReactionSetup
conditions	ReactionConditions
notes	ReactionNotes		Reaction notes largely pertain to safety considerations.
observations	ReactionObservation	repeated
workup	ReactionWorkup	repeated	Workup steps are listed in the order they are performed.
outcomes	ReactionOutcome	repeated
provenance	ReactionProvenance

Reaction.InputsEntry¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
key	string
value	ReactionInput

ReactionAnalysis¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	ReactionAnalysis.AnalysisType
details	string		Any details about analysis (e.g., NMR type, columns, gradients, conditions)
processed_data	ReactionAnalysis.ProcessedDataEntry	repeated	Data files (processed or annotated).
raw_data	ReactionAnalysis.RawDataEntry	repeated	Data files (raw) obtained directly from the instrument
instrument_manufacturer	string
instrument_last_calibrated	DateTime

ReactionAnalysis.ProcessedDataEntry¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
key	string
value	Data

ReactionAnalysis.RawDataEntry¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
key	string
value	Data

ReactionConditions¶

Field	Type	Description
temperature	TemperatureConditions
pressure	PressureConditions
stirring	StirringConditions
illumination	IlluminationConditions
electrochemistry	ElectrochemistryConditions
flow	FlowConditions
reflux	bool
pH	float
conditions_are_dynamic	bool	Boolean to describe whether the conditions cannot be represented by the static, single-step schema.
details	string	A catch-all string field for providing more information about the conditions (e.g., multiple stages)

ReactionIdentifier¶

Reaction identifiers define descriptions of the overall reaction. While we encourage the use of SMILES strings, these do not work well in all cases. The <reaction_smiles> field should be able to be derived from the information present in the ReactionInput and ReactionOutcome fields of any Reaction message.

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	ReactionIdentifier.IdentifierType
details	string
value	string
bytes_value	bytes

ReactionInput¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
components	Compound	repeated	We use the components field for pure substances and mixtures.

For example, suppose we are adding 3 mL of a 4 M solution of NaOH in water.

input { description: “3 mL of 4M NaOH solution in water” components: [ { identifiers: [ {type: IDENTIFIER_SMILES, value: “O”}, {type: IDENTIFIER_NAME, value: “water”} ] amount: { volume: {value: 3, units: MILLILITER} } } components: [ { identifiers: [ {type: IDENTIFIER_SMILES, value: “[Na+].[OH-]”}, {type: IDENTIFIER_NAME, value: “sodium hydroxide”} ] amount { moles: {value: 12, units: MILLIMOLES} } } ] } | | addition_order | int32 | | Used to define order of addition. ReactionInputs with the same addition_order were added simultaneously. One ReactionInput with a lower addition_order than another was added earlier in the procedure. This field is 1-indexed. | | addition_time | Time | | When the addition event took place in terms of the reaction time (or, in the case of flow chemistry, the residence time). | | addition_speed | ReactionInput.AdditionSpeed.AdditionSpeedType | | The qualitative rate of addition. | | addition_duration | Time | | Quantitatively, how long addition took | | flow_rate | FlowRate | | For continuous synthesis, we instead specify a flow rate. |

ReactionInput.AdditionSpeed¶

ReactionNotes¶

Field	Type	Description
is_heterogeneous	bool	Equivalent to "not single phase".
is_exothermic	bool	Qualitative exothermicity (primarily for safety).
is_offgasses	bool	Qualitative offgassing (primarily for safety).
is_sensitive_to_moisture	bool
is_sensitive_to_oxygen	bool
is_sensitive_to_light	bool
safety_notes	string
procedure_details	string	Overflow field for full procedure details

ReactionObservation¶

Field	Type	Description
time	Time
comment	string	e.g. what color is the reaction?
image	Data

ReactionOutcome¶

The outcomes of a reaction describe the conversion, yield, and/or other analyses of the resulting product mixture after workup step(s). Each outcome is associated with a reaction/residence time. To allow for one Reaction message to contain the results of a full kinetic profiling experiment, this is a repeated field of the Reaction message.

It is the parent message for product characterization and any analytical data.

Field	Type	Label	Description
reaction_time	Time		Reaction time (for flow, equivalent to residence time or spacetime).
conversion	Percentage		Conversion with respect to the limiting reactant.
products	ReactionProduct	repeated
analyses	ReactionOutcome.AnalysesEntry	repeated	Analyses are stored in a map to associate each with a unique key. The key is cross-referenced in ReactionProduct messages to indicate which analyses were used to derive which performance values/metrics. The string used for the key carries no meaning outside of this cross-referencing.

ReactionOutcome.AnalysesEntry¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
key	string
value	ReactionAnalysis

ReactionProduct¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
compound	Compound
is_desired_product	bool
compound_yield	Percentage
purity	Percentage
selectivity	Selectivity
analysis_identity	string	repeated	Key(s) of the analysis used to confirm identity.
analysis_yield	string	repeated	Key(s) of the analysis used to assess yield.
analysis_purity	string	repeated	Key(s) of the analysis used to assess purity.
analysis_selectivity	string	repeated	Key(s) of the analysis used to assess selectivity
isolated_color	string		TODO(ccoley): How to allow specification of the state of matter of the purified compound? For example, "___ was recovered as a white powder in x% yield (y.z mg)". Or oils, crystal texture, etc. This is only relevant for compounds that are isolated. TODO(kearnes): Should this be an Observation message?
texture	ReactionProduct.Texture.TextureType
texture_details	string

ReactionProduct.Texture¶

ReactionProvenance¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
experimenter	Person
city	string
experiment_start	DateTime
doi	string
patent	string
publication_url	string
record_created	ReactionProvenance.RecordEvent
record_modified	ReactionProvenance.RecordEvent	repeated
record_id	string		This is a unique ID field that the centralized database will write to.

ReactionProvenance.RecordEvent¶

Metadata for the public database.

Field	Type	Label	Description
time	DateTime
person	Person
details	string

ReactionSetup¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
vessel	Vessel
is_automated	bool		Specification of automated protocols.
automation_platform	string		Automated platform name, brand, or model number.
automation_code	ReactionSetup.AutomationCodeEntry	repeated	Raw automation code or synthetic recipe definition.

ReactionSetup.AutomationCodeEntry¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
key	string
value	Data

ReactionWorkup¶

Field	Type	Label
type	ReactionWorkup.WorkupType
details	string
duration	Time
components	Compound	repeated
temperature	TemperatureConditions
keep_phase	string
stirring	StirringConditions
target_ph	float

Selectivity¶

Field	Type	Description
type	Selectivity.SelectivityType
details	string
value	float
precision	float	TODO(kearnes): What does precision mean in this context?

StirringConditions¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	StirringConditions.StirringMethod.StirringMethodType
details	string
rate	StirringConditions.StirringRate.StirringRateType
rpm	int32

StirringConditions.StirringMethod¶

StirringConditions.StirringRate¶

Temperature¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Temperature.TemperatureUnit

TemperatureConditions¶

Field	Type	Label
type	TemperatureConditions.TemperatureControl.TemperatureControlType
details	string
setpoint	Temperature
measurements	TemperatureConditions.Measurement	repeated

TemperatureConditions.Measurement¶

Field	Type	Label	Description
type	TemperatureConditions.Measurement.MeasurementType
details	string
time	Time
temperature	Temperature

TemperatureConditions.TemperatureControl¶

Time¶

To allow users to describe synthetic processes in whatever units they find most natural, we define a fixed list of allowable units for each measurement type. Upon submission to a centralized database, or using a validation and canonicalization script, we will convert all values to the default units (the first nonzero item in each enum).

Each message also contains a precision field, which specifies the precision of the measurement in the same units as the measurement itself. Often the precision will be the standard deviation from an instrument calibration.

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Time.TimeUnit

Vessel¶

Field	Type	Description
type	Vessel.VesselType.VesselTypeEnum
details	string
material	Vessel.VesselMaterial.VesselMaterialType
material_details	string
preparation	Vessel.VesselPreparation.VesselPreparationType
preparation_details	string
volume	Volume	Size (volume) of the vessel.

Vessel.VesselMaterial¶

Vessel.VesselPreparation¶

Vessel.VesselType¶

Voltage¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Voltage.VoltageUnit

Volume¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Volume.VolumeUnit

Wavelength¶

Field	Type	Description
value	float
precision	float	Precision of the measurement (with the same units as `value`).
units	Wavelength.WavelengthUnit

Compound.ReactionRole.ReactionRoleType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
REACTANT	1	TODO(ccoley): Do we want to use the definition of a reactant aligned with Reaxys, or say that any species that contributes heavy atoms to a desired product is a reactant? This field might be kind of a throwaway anyway...
REAGENT	2
SOLVENT	3
CATALYST	4
WORKUP	5

CompoundIdentifier.IdentifierType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
SMILES	2	Simplified molecular-input line-entry system.
INCHI	3	IUPAC International Chemical Identifier.
MOLBLOCK	4	Molblock from a MDL Molfile V3000.
IUPAC_NAME	5	Chemical name following IUPAC nomenclature recommendations.
NAME	6	Any accepted common name, trade name, etc.
CAS_NUMBER	7	Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number (with hyphens).
PUBCHEM_CID	8	PubChem Compound ID number.
CHEMSPIDER_ID	9	ChemSpider ID number.
CXSMILES	10	ChemAxon extended SMILES
INCHI_KEY	11	IUPAC International Chemical Identifier key
XYZ	12	XYZ molecule file
UNIPROT_ID	13	UniProt ID (for enzymes)
PDB_ID	14	Protein data bank ID (for enzymes)
RDKIT_BINARY	15	RDKit binary format (for fast loading)

CompoundPreparation.PreparationType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
NONE	2	Compound used as received.
REPURIFIED	3	Compound repurified (e.g., recrystallized).
SPARGED	4	Compound sparged, most likely to be the case with solvents.
DRIED	5	Moisture removed, e.g., using molecular sieves.
SYNTHESIZED	6	Compound synthesized in-house

Concentration.ConcentrationUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
MOLAR	1
MILLIMOLAR	2
MICROMOLAR	3

Current.CurrentUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
AMPERE	1
MILLIAMPERE	2

ElectrochemistryConditions.ElectrochemistryType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
CONSTANT_CURRENT	2
CONSTANT_VOLTAGE	3

FlowConditions.FlowType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
PLUG_FLOW_REACTOR	2
CONTINUOUS_STIRRED_TANK_REACTOR	3
PACKED_BED_REACTOR	4

FlowConditions.Tubing.TubingMaterialType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
STEEL	2
COPPER	3
PFA	4
FEP	5
TEFLONAF	6
PTFE	7
GLASS	8
QUARTZ	9
SILICON	10	e.g., a chip-based microreactor
PDMS	11

FlowRate.FlowRateUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
MICROLITER_PER_MINUTE	1
MICROLITER_PER_SECOND	2
MILLILITER_PER_MINUTE	3
MILLILITER_PER_SECOND	4
MICROLITER_PER_HOUR	5

IlluminationConditions.IlluminationType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
AMBIENT	2
DARK	3
LED	4
HALOGEN_LAMP	5
DEUTERIUM_LAMP	6
SOLAR_SIMULATOR	7
BROAD_SPECTRUM	8

Length.LengthUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CENTIMETER	1
MILLIMETER	2
METER	3
INCH	4
FOOT	5

Mass.MassUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
GRAM	1
MILLIGRAM	2
MICROGRAM	3
KILOGRAM	4

Moles.MolesUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
MOLES	1
MILLIMOLES	2
MICROMOLES	3
NANOMOLES	4

Pressure.PressureUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
BAR	1
ATMOSPHERE	2
PSI	3
KPSI	4
PASCAL	5
KILOPASCAL	6

PressureConditions.Atmosphere.AtmosphereType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
AIR	2
NITROGEN	3
ARGON	4
OXYGEN	5
HYDROGEN	6

PressureConditions.Measurement.MeasurementType¶

TODO(ccoley) get input on how to expand this enum, among others

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
PRESSURE_TRANSDUCER	2

PressureConditions.PressureControl.PressureControlType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
AMBIENT	2
BALLOON	3
SEALED	4	Fully sealed vessel (e.g., microwave vial).
SEPTUM_WITH_NEEDLE	5	Slight positive pressure maintained
RELEASEVALVE	6
BPR	7	Back pressure regulator, as used in flow synthesis.

ReactionAnalysis.AnalysisType¶

TODO(ccoley): Solicit more feedback from experimentalists

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
LC	2	Liquid chromatography.
GC	3	Gas chromatography.
IR	4	Infrared spectroscopy.
NMR	5	NMR spectroscopy.
MP	6	Melting point characterization.
UV	7	Ultraviolet spectroscopy.
TLC	8	Thin-layer chromatography.
MS	9	Mass spectrometry.
HRMS	10	High resolution mass spectrometry.
MSMS	11	Two-dimensional mass spectrometry.
WEIGHT	12	Weight of an isolated compound.
LCMS	13	Combined LC/MS.
GCMS	14	Combined GC/MS.
ELSD	15	Evaporative light scattering detector.
CD	16	Circular Dichroism.
SFC	17	Supercritical fluid chromatography.

ReactionIdentifier.IdentifierType¶

Possible identifier types are listed in an enum for extensibility

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
REACTION_SMILES	2
ATOM_MAPPED_SMILES	3
RINCHI	4	Reaction InChI.
NAME	5	Named reaction or reaction category.
RDKIT_BINARY	6	RDKit binary format (for fast loading).

ReactionInput.AdditionSpeed.AdditionSpeedType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0	Unspecified.
ALL_AT_ONCE	1
FAST	2
SLOW	3
DROPWISE	4
CONTINUOUS	5

ReactionProduct.Texture.TextureType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
POWDER	2
CRYSTAL	3
OIL	4

ReactionWorkup.WorkupType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
ADDITION	2	Addition (quench, dilution, extraction solvent, etc.) Specify composition/amount in "components".
TEMPERATURE	3	Change of temperature. Specify conditions in "temperature".
CONCENTRATION	4	Concentration step, often using a rotovap.
EXTRACTION	5	Liquid extractions are often preceded by Additions. If there are multiple distinct additions prior to an extraction, it is assumed that the kept phases are pooled. Specify which phase to keep in "keep_phase".
FILTRATION	6	Filtration (can keep solid or filtrate). Specify which phase to keep in "keep phase".
WASH	7	Washing a solid or liquid, keeping the original phase. Specify "components" of rinse. Rinses performed in multiple stages should be given multiple workup steps
DRY_IN_VACUUM	8	Dried under vacuum.
DRY_WITH_MATERIAL	9	Dried with chemical additive. Specify chemical additive in "components".
FLASH_CHROMATOGRAPHY	10	Purification by flash chromatography.
OTHER_CHROMATOGRAPHY	11	Purification by other prep chromatography.
SCAVENGING	12	Scavenging step (e.g., pass through alumina pad) Specify any material additives in "components".
WAIT	13	Waiting step. Specify "duration".
STIRRING	14	Mixing step. Specify "stirring"
CRYSTALLIZATION	15
PH_ADJUST	16	pH adjustments should specify "components" to define species used as well as "ph" for target ph
DISSOLUTION	17	Redissolution considered to be a special form of addition. Specify "components"

Selectivity.SelectivityType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
EE	2	Enantiomeric excess as a percentage.
ER	3	Enantiomeric ratio. (x:1)
DE	4	Diasteromeric ratio (x:1)

StirringConditions.StirringMethod.StirringMethodType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
NONE	2
STIR_BAR	3
OVERHEAD_MIXER	4
AGITATION	5

StirringConditions.StirringRate.StirringRateType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
HIGH	1
MEDIUM	2
LOW	3

Temperature.TemperatureUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CELSIUS	1
FAHRENHEIT	2
KELVIN	3

TemperatureConditions.Measurement.MeasurementType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
THERMOCOUPLE_INTERNAL	2	Physically in reaction solution.
THERMOCOUPLE_EXTERNAL	3	On outside of vessel or, e.g., in oil bath.
INFRARED	4	Contactless infrared probe.

TemperatureConditions.TemperatureControl.TemperatureControlType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
AMBIENT	2
OIL_BATH	3
WATER_BATH	4
SAND_BATH	5
ICE_BATH	6
DRY_ALUMINUM_PLATE	7
MICROWAVE	8
DRY_ICE_BATH	9
AIR_FAN	10
LIQUID_NITROGEN	11

Time.TimeUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
HOUR	1
MINUTE	2
SECOND	3

Vessel.VesselMaterial.VesselMaterialType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
GLASS	2
POLYPROPYLENE	3
PLASTIC	4

Vessel.VesselPreparation.VesselPreparationType¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
NONE	2
OVEN_DRIED	3

Vessel.VesselType.VesselTypeEnum¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
CUSTOM	1
ROUND_BOTTOM_FLASK	2
VIAL	3
WELL_PLATE	4
MICROWAVE_VIAL	5
TUBE	6
CONTINUOUS_STIRRED_TANK_REACTOR	7
PACKED_BED_REACTOR	8

Voltage.VoltageUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
VOLT	1
MILLIVOLT	2

Volume.VolumeUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
MILLILITER	1
MICROLITER	2
LITER	3

Wavelength.WavelengthUnit¶

Name	Number	Description
UNSPECIFIED	0
NANOMETER	1
WAVENUMBER	2	cm^{-1}

Scalar Value Types¶

.proto Type	Notes	C++	Java	Python	Go	C#	PHP	Ruby
double		double	double	float	float64	double	float	Float
float		float	float	float	float32	float	float	Float
int32	Uses variable-length encoding. Inefficient for encoding negative numbers – if your field is likely to have negative values, use sint32 instead.	int32	int	int	int32	int	integer	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
int64	Uses variable-length encoding. Inefficient for encoding negative numbers – if your field is likely to have negative values, use sint64 instead.	int64	long	int/long	int64	long	integer/string	Bignum
uint32	Uses variable-length encoding.	uint32	int	int/long	uint32	uint	integer	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
uint64	Uses variable-length encoding.	uint64	long	int/long	uint64	ulong	integer/string	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
sint32	Uses variable-length encoding. Signed int value. These more efficiently encode negative numbers than regular int32s.	int32	int	int	int32	int	integer	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
sint64	Uses variable-length encoding. Signed int value. These more efficiently encode negative numbers than regular int64s.	int64	long	int/long	int64	long	integer/string	Bignum
fixed32	Always four bytes. More efficient than uint32 if values are often greater than 2^28.	uint32	int	int	uint32	uint	integer	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
fixed64	Always eight bytes. More efficient than uint64 if values are often greater than 2^56.	uint64	long	int/long	uint64	ulong	integer/string	Bignum
sfixed32	Always four bytes.	int32	int	int	int32	int	integer	Bignum or Fixnum (as required)
sfixed64	Always eight bytes.	int64	long	int/long	int64	long	integer/string	Bignum
bool		bool	boolean	boolean	bool	bool	boolean	TrueClass/FalseClass
string	A string must always contain UTF-8 encoded or 7-bit ASCII text.	string	String	str/unicode	string	string	string	String (UTF-8)
bytes	May contain any arbitrary sequence of bytes.	string	ByteString	str	[]byte	ByteString	string	String (ASCII-8BIT)